How is desktop video like Frankenstein?

I’m often asked “Why can’t an outside unit call Movi or CMA-D like they do a hardware codec”?  Understandably, people want to dial a desktop video client from anywhere with no configuration just like they call a phone from anywhere with no configuration requirements.  The problem for now is that scalable Desktop Video solutions are multi-part solutions.  In the same way we don’t have “transportation” without cars AND roads or trains AND tracks we don’t have Desktop Video without clients AND servers.  More accurately, we need clients, servers and routing.

Movi and CMA-D clients don’t have public IP addresses; they’re clients that register to a server.  Information gets communicated between the client and server via call control devices (I call them “traffic cops”); all three components, working together, collectively function as a Desktop Video extension of a Unified Communications/Video infrastructure.  You can think of the three parts this way:

•     The camera connects to the client on the user’s device
•     The account exists on the server
•     The “traffic cop” keeps track of where the client is
Without any of those components we don’t really have scalable desktop video.  You can use software that will turn a laptop in to an H.323/SIP capable “stand alone” endpoint.  The problem is that there are no good management solutions in that scenario, mobility is limited and the ability to dial out to that device is relatively restricted. 

The good news is that you can dial Desktop Video endpoints when the UC infrastructure shares presence or when SIP dialing is properly configured.  Presence dialing looks very similar to messaging someone on your buddy list.  SIP dialing looks like an email address, for instance: csprague.movi@technical-innovation.com

So for now, the good news is that if we implement these solutions properly; we can give most users the experience of “direct dial” in their day to day usage.  The bad news is that we’re still a ways out from universal accessibility a la telephony.
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What makes contemporary video conferencing different?

The hardware has matured but more importantly we’ve learned some lessons and our thinking has changed.  Many readers have seen obsolete or even current video conferencing technology collecting dust in the corner of an office or conference room.  Unfortunately for some the idea of video conferencing is synonymous with “choppy webcam”.  It can be valuable to reflect on those deployments when building a video strategy today.   Consider the following for a moment:

• What were the reasons for those earlier deployments?
• Who made the decision to invest in earlier generations of video?
• How were those deployments executed?
• Why were those solutions under-utilized?
• What can we improve on this time around?

I have always loved new technologies.  Gaming systems, DVDs, computers, the Internet, Unified Communications… the list never ends.  Most of my gadgets have been splurges because the technology was “shiny and new”.  All of the technology that has become integral in my life has solved a problem, made me more efficient and/or changed my life for the better.  Video conferencing lets me work from home, it allows me to minimize travel time and it helps me communicate my intent in a way that isn’t really possible over email or the phone.  Sometimes I look at a new piece of video conferencing technology and the “shiny and new” kid in me gets excited but the reason it has the potential to work for me is that I work in an environment where video conferencing is understood, encouraged, well supported and deployed in a way that optimizes usability.  In other words, it isn’t the end solution that makes it work; it is the environment the solution is deployed in.  There are strong parallels here with vehicles and transportation infrastructure.

Sometimes, maybe too often, video conferencing is deployed because an executive or technologist saw video conferencing as “shiny and new.”  That isn’t a bad thing but often ends there and nobody thinks about who is going to use the technology, what they’re going to use it for and what they’ll need to use it well.  All too often boxes were shipped to remote offices, network was installed and then users either steered clear of the scary new technology in the corner of the conference room or worse; tried it and walked away with a negative impression.   I’m not suggesting users need to be hand held.  I’m suggesting we need to build the solution around their needs instead of extending a “shiny and new” solution to them.  Sports cars can only go fast on roads that are properly thought out and maintained.

Video conferencing technology needs to be deployed in a way that maximizes the chances a business user will see a positive impact on their productivity, efficiency and/or quality of life.  If we as technologists put something shiny and new in front of a business user, and they find it frustrating, then we have merely spent time and money to move the business’ progress clock backward.  We need to start with what the end scenario should look like and build that solution.

Manufacturers are constantly moving toward making a product that minimizes the frustration potential by refining features.  Recent advancements in calendar, address book and scheduling integration all help in this endeavor.   We need to build strategies that leverage these features as best as possible in the environment but perhaps more importantly; we need to build an environment that allows the features to be understood and implemented correctly.

It is a very subtle difference in thinking but the shift from “hoping technology will solve a problem” to “how technology might solve specific problems” is the biggest difference I’ve seen in failed and successful video deployments.   Also, most large organizations I’ve worked with are going through or have yet to go through the process of tying their end points in to their management platforms.  In other words, they bought a bunch of end points over time and now they have to go through and conform them to standards and management.  This effort is worthwhile because it reduces the cost of management per end point dramatically over time and allows for reporting on end point uptime, utilization, etc… so that better decisions can be made in the future.  In hind sight, thought it seemed like overkill at the start, an investment in a management platform early on would have saved these organizations a lot of time and improved their rate of return on investment (probably many times over) by now.  Unfortunately the applications for endpoints are much more tangible for end users and often the specific short term application for a video end point wouldn’t benefit from the unit being tied to video infrastructure so the topic may not have ever come up.  It isn’t until we step back and examine the overall environment or look at how usage changes over time that the advantages of mature infrastructure become clear.

Ultimately [and full disclosure here - TI does offer professional services!] the investment in planning, network analysis, ROI projections and study of the different types of users throughout the business including their applications and collaboration needs is probably always the best investment that can be made.  This investment:

• Leads to the proper timing of infrastructure investments
• Helps justify endpoint rollouts and upgrades
• Minimizes the likelihood of negatives like bad call experiences and network saturation
• Improves compatibility with other tools and that makes this a Unified Communications investment
• Increases the likelihood of adoption which accelerates ROI through improved efficiency, productivity, etc

In summary, there is nothing at all wrong with “shiny and new” end points; I assure you I get more excited about new video conferencing end point announcements than just about anyone.  But just like sports cars can’t be impressive without good roads to drive them on, video end points can’t be at their best without a mature environment to operate within.

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Video Scheduling

Most users consider the following when they need to schedule a meeting with someone:

• Who needs to meet?
• In what period of time will they meet?
• Where do they need to meet?

Most email and calendar applications support the first two relatively well.  “Where” is usually manually mentioned in the subject line, notes or message body.  Sometimes, if the where is a conference call or net conference, the service provider will offer a plugin to help automate the “where”.  In those types of virtual meeting scenarios the people and the bridging resources are being reserved for the time.

When we schedule video conferences we usually add additional components to the mix because access to video conference machines is often limited when compared to access to a phone or PC.  When we schedule a video meeting we often need to consider:

• Who needs to meet?
• In what period of time will they meet?
• Which video conferencing end points are sufficient for their meeting?
• What rooms need to be reserved for them to meet?
• What bridging resources need to be reserved to host their meeting?

Utilization of video resources is directly entwined with the reliability, quality and ease of use of the platform; we need to make it easy for users to schedule and conduct meetings over video.  In a mature environment two important goals are realized:

1) Users can reserve all the needed resources via their normal scheduling application
2) Administrators can easily track room, equipment and bridging utilization

In order for this to happen the following systems must be synchronized:

• Directory
• Calendaring server
• Endpoint management server
• Bridging management server
• Conference room/Facility scheduling server

Every environment is unique and each combination of infrastructure components presents its own challenges.  Fortunately, many of the pieces of the puzzle are probably already operational in your environment.  Technical Innovation would like to understand your business and help you develop a strategy to realize these capabilities and benefits.

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What is “Desktop Video” conferencing?

In practical terms any technology that allows you to see the person you’re speaking with qualifies as “desktop video”.  The most popular technology used for this today is Skype but people often video chat over messaging clients and web conferencing.  Solutions like Skype, most messaging clients and web conferencing applications do not integrate in to Enterprise video conferencing solutions; in fact these solutions usually exist in their own isolated world or “walled garden”.  Due to this lack of interoperability, and for the sake of practical categorization, people in the business usually use the name of the solution specifically.  E.g. “Skype is not a business video solution”, “WebEx is not yet fully integrated with TelePresence” or “OCS/Lync can interoperate with your existing video platform but it is limited for the following reasons”.

“Desktop Video” is usually reserved for solutions that are fully interoperable with Enterprise Video solutions and scalable all the way up to large enterprise scale deployments.  As of Summer 2011 these solutions include software/licensing solutions like Polycom CMA-Desktop and Cisco Movi (formerly Tandberg Movi).

Additionally small self-contained (monitor + camera + codec) units that fit on the corner of a user’s desktop are often a practical and high quality solution.  These solutions can call video conferencing bridges and participate in multi-point calls with conference room systems; they can also be called out to just like ringing someone’s phone.

The difference in the hardware and software solutions is most easily understood through hands on demonstration.  Technical Innovation can show you these things hands on throughout the South-East US or we can suggest a partner in your area.  The basics are:

Hardware

Pros:
Dedicated hardware is purpose built to drive the best possible quality experience and all the components needed are built in to a machine optimized for the purpose of video conferencing.  The hardware desktop video user doesn’t have to worry about boot times, virus scans, emails coming in, messaging clients popping up, etc.  The costs of support are potentially lower with hardware than software due to the ease of use and decreased likelihood of troubleshooting.

Cons:
Dedicated hardware is at the most usable as a monitor, telephone and video conferencing device.  It occupies space for only these purposes.  Additionally, it can be more costly up front per user than software solutions.

Software

Pros:
Software solutions like Movi and CMA can go anywhere a user’s laptop can go as long as they can find a decent internet connection.  It is often economical to extend a hardware video network’s “reach” to more users via short and mid-term software deployments.  For users with data/screen sharing needs this is often more practical than taking their laptop to a conference room with video conferencing as the data sharing experience is the more important element in the collaborative discussion.

Cons:
Generally these solutions require more industrial infrastructure to support the users as more of the heavy lifting is being done “behind the scenes”.  Users may have more than one video capable piece of software on their machine and find that two applications are fighting for control of the camera.  They may experience performance issues when antivirus applications do routine scans.  In short, software video conferencing applications share support considerations with all other software.

Summary
Which solution is right for your organization?  That is an impossible question to answer with a blanket statement.  In large organizations it is likely that each solution has a place.  Finding a solution deployment strategy that is right for you requires collaboration between your business’ leaders, IT organization, experienced engineers and consultants.

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